Here are five takeaways from the blueprint: She said that while she uses Burma, others need not, and at times, she also uses Myanmar.This advertisement has not loaded yet, but your article continues below. “Democracy means choice, widening choice, making our choice more varied and making choice more accessible to more of us,” she said.Īfter becoming the counselor of the state in 2016, she again emphasized that there is no explicit stipulation in the national constitution on which name must be used, so foreign countries can choose either of these two names at will. We have to respect the will of the people if we truly want to make the transition to a democratic society.”
In her speech at the Singapore Summit in September 2013, she said, “I have explained very often that the main reason why I prefer to use Burma is because the name change was made without reference to the will of the people. The situation now is that the Burmese verbally refer to their country as Burma, but generally use the term Myanmar in official written documents.Īung San Suu Kyi, Myanmar’s state counselor and democratic movement leader who is currently in custody, has publicly stated that she likes to call her country Burma. They have both been used within Burma for a long time, anthropologist Gustaaf Houtman, who has written extensively about Burmese politics, told the BBC. Burmah, as it was spelled in the 19th century, is a local corruption of the word Myanmar, according to the BBC. The two words mean the same thing, and one is derived from the other. “Myanmar is a kind of indicator of countries that are soft on the regime,” he said, while using Burma may indicate that “they just challenge the legitimacy of the regime.”įILE - People eat at a restaurant along a street in Yangon, Myanmar, Aug. Mark Farmaner, director of the Burma Campaign UK, told the BBC that using Burma or Myanmar often reveals where someone’s sympathies lie. "The form Myanmar - the older and more ‘classical’ name, of which Burma is a vernacular derivative - was, I believe, introduced by the military, so refusing to use it might well have a political dimension," he said. Richard Coates, a linguistics professor emeritus with the University of the West of England, who has a special interest in the area where linguistics, history and geography meet, told VOA Mandarin that deciding what name to use for the Southeast Asian nation bordered by India, China, Laos and Thailand was a sensitive topic because the choice indicated political allegiance. policy believed that “any change of the name of a country should be a decision” for its people, according to the BBC. secretary of state, visited in 2011, State Department spokesman Mark Toner told Agence France-Presse that U.S. 1, 2011.ĭecades later, when Hillary Clinton, then the U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton tours Shwedegon Pagoda, a Buddhist temple founded between the 6th and 10th centuries AD, in Yangon, Myanmar, Dec. The United States and Britain did not.įILE - Then-U.S. The United Nations and some countries such as France and Japan recognized the change. And, Burma, which became the country’s official name under British rule and stuck after independence, was a reminder of the colonial past. The military position is that if the name of the main ethnic group is used as the name of the country, it would be racially discriminatory, according to the United States Institute of Peace blog. The military government believes that the term Burma only covers Burman, the largest ethnic group in Myanmar, and does not include the other 134 ethnic minority groups.
The military changed the English-language spelling of Rangoon, the nation’s major city, to Yangon at the same time.
The conundrum emerged in 1989 when the ruling military government changed the country's name from Burma to Myanmar after quashing a pro-democracy uprising by killing thousands of people. The State Department website uses ‘Burma (Myanmar)’ in some places and ‘Burma’ in others.” “So, for example, the embassy website refers to Burma - Myanmar because they are by definition dealing with officials and the public. “Our official policy is that we say ‘Burma’ but use ‘Myanmar’ as a courtesy in certain communications,” Jen Psaki, the White House spokesperson, said when asked to address the issue during a press conference this week. In official documents issued by the Biden administration, the country with beaches on the Andaman Sea is Burma.Īnd whenever the country is in the news, the question of what’s in a name returns. Myanmar is the official name of the country upended by a military coup this week.
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